[25] The origins of Los Zetas date back to the late 1990s, when commandos of the Mexican Army deserted their ranks and began working as the enforcement arm of the Gulf Cartel. The two agents traveled to Matamoros with an informant to gather intelligence on the operations of the Gulf Cartel. Ortega, F. (February 8, 2008). Balatazar Hinojosa Ochoa is also accused of coopting with DTOs of the Gulf Cartel while being mayor of Matamoros in 2006. [64] The Cartel also reportedly began looking to form a truce with the rival Sinaloa Cartel, which Los Zetas did not want to recognize, allegedly preferring an alliance with the Beltrn-Leyva Cartel. [72] Once Crdenas consolidated his position and supremacy, he expanded the responsibilities of Los Zetas, and as years passed, they became much more important for the Gulf Cartel. [349] Among these gangs, that range from street gangs to prison gangs, are the Texas Syndicate, the Latin Kings, the Mexican Mafia, Puro Tango Blast (Vallucos), the Hermandad de Pistoleros Latinos, and the Tri-City Bombersall based in the Rio Grande Valley and Webb County, Texas. [153] The National Public Security System (SNSP) has condemned the low police salaries, and demanded that state and municipal authorities create better payment programs for policemen so they can have a fair wage for themselves and their families. [16], By the 1980s, Garca brego began incorporating cocaine into the drug trafficking operations and started to have the upper hand on what was now considered the Gulf Cartel, the greatest criminal dynasty in the US-Mexico border. [130][131], Costilla was often viewed as the "strongest leader" of the two, but collaborated with Antonio Crdenas, who acted as representative of his jailed brother. [123][124] Consequently, Los Zetas allied with the Jurez Cartel, the Beltrn-Leyva Cartel and the Tijuana Cartel. [220][221] Moreover, the state of Tamaulipas was no exception; according to Santiago Creel, a PAN politician and pre-candidate for the 2012 presidency, the PRI in Tamaulipas has protected the Gulf Cartel for years. This project included the use of tanks, airplanes and the National Guard "as a preventive measure upon the possible collapse of the Mexican State" to protect the border from a Zetas attack and receive an eventual exodus of Mexicans fleeing from the violence. [154], Although the Joint Operation Nuevo Len-Tamaulipas issued in 2007, along with several other military-led operations by the federal government, brought thousands of troops to restore order in Tamaulipas,[155] on 9 May 2011, the Federal Police and the Mexican Army disarmed all police forces in Tamaulipas, beginning with the cities of Matamoros and Reynosa. [68], When the hostilities began, the Cartel joined forces with its former rivals, the Sinaloa Cartel and La Familia Michoacana, aiming to take out Los Zetas. [51] Upon the arrest of Guillen in March 2003 and his extradition in 2007, the Zetas took a more active leadership role within the Gulf Cartel and their influence grew within the organization. The last method Los Zetas use to influence western nations is through criminal rule in prison systems. [29] Even though homosexuals are barred from entry into La eMe, they are engaged heavily in homosexual prostitution in the prison system. [31] The local gangs were smuggling narcotics into the Vista Detention Center in order to sell them for the Mexican Mafia. Although its founder Juan Nepomuceno Guerra smuggled alcohol in large quantities to the United States during the Prohibition era, and heroin for over 40 years,[14] it was not until the 1980s that the cartel was shifted to trafficking cocaine, methamphetamine and marijuana under the command of Juan Nepomuceno Guerra and Juan Garca brego. [362][363] He was arrested with a female companion identified as Miriam "M" and is accused of being responsible for recent violence in Tamaulipas[364], In March 2023, a splinter faction from the Gulf Cartel called the Scorpions Group publicly accepted responsibility for an incident where four Americans were kidnapped, which ended in two of the victims being killed. A few of these cities include Chicago and Houston. [143], A confrontation inside a maximum security prison in Nuevo Laredo on 15 July 2011 left 7 inmates dead and 59 escaped. The buses made great transportation, as Antonio Ortiz noted since they were never stopped at the border. [195], In February 2009, Texas Governor Rick Perry announced a program called "Operation Border Star Contingency Plan" to safeguard the border if the Zetas carried out their threats to attack U.S. security officers. [83][84] Crdenas Guilln demanded the agents and the informant to get out of their vehicle, but they refused to obey his orders. [162], It is reported that Los Zetas also uses women within their organizational structure. Alfred Sandoval was also charged in these murders. [311] It operates primarily on the TabascoVeracruzTamaulipas corridor. Chato (Arizona Maravilla East Los Angeles, California), a high ranking eMe member, shot and killed Gilbert Martinez and Anthony Aceves; a third victim Manuel Torres survived the attack. Stealing oil from PEMEX and selling it illegally has been one of the many funding activities of the Gulf Cartel. [113] Some sources reveal that as a result of the supremacy of Los Zetas, the Gulf Cartel felt threatened by the growing force of their enforcer group and decided to curtail their influence, but eventually failed in their attempt, instigating a war. [326], Theft A member must not politic against another member or cause dissension within the organization. The drug-violence in Nuevo Laredo began back in 2003, when the city was controlled by the Gulf Cartel. [77] The group operated similar to Los Zetas, but with less complexity and success. [175][176] Their conflict also spread to U.S. soil, where Cartel hit men killed two Zeta members in Brownsville, Texas on 5 October 2010. La Pista, el antiguo aeropuerto en Colombia donde se refugian miles de venezolanos 6 horas. [203], The New York Times mentioned that Los Zetas has access to sophisticated tracking software due to the fact that they have infiltrated Mexican law enforcement agencies, and that online anonymity might not be enough protection for Internet users.[204]. They preferred to take military-style control of territory, holding it through sheer force and exploiting its criminal opportunities. (9th ed., p. 189-190). The agents tried to reason with him that killing U.S. federal agents would bring a massive manhunt from the U.S. government. [238] Cabeza de Vaca is accused of not reporting its total wealth and having properties both in Texas, Tamaulipas, and Mexico City. [339] Arms trafficking from the U.S. to Mexico, however, is often carried out individually, and there is no criminal group in Mexico or an international organization that is solely dedicated to this activity. [208] The complexity and territorial advantage of Los Zetas forced the Gulf Cartel to seek for an alliance with the Sinaloa Cartel and La Familia Michoacana; in addition, Stratfor mentioned that these three organizations also united because they hold a "profound hate" for Los Zetas. Critics say that the strategy of capturing drug kingpins often resulted in the increase in extortion, as the cartels look for other sources of money. [291] The Gulf Cartel operates in a similar way, and often extorts businesses for protection money in the areas where it operates, pledging to kill those who do not agree to pay the fee. [324] The Gulf Cartel also bribes journalists to persuade them not to mention any violent incidents in the media. [189], On 13 February 2017, Venezuelan vice president Tareck El Aissami was sanctioned by the United States Treasury Department under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act, with US officials accusing him of facilitating drug shipments from Venezuela to Mexico and the US, freezing millions of dollars of assets purportedly under El Aissami's control. [212] However, remnants still exist in Tamaulipas. [198], Also in 2012, the United States posted a $5,000,000 reward for information leading to the successful capture of Miguel Trevio Morales. Blankstein, A., & Linthicum, K. (February 17, 2011). [193] In 2009, the Gulf organization concluded that expanding their market opportunities in Europe, combined with the euro strength against the U.S. dollar, justified establishing an extensive network in that continent. [32], In January 2022, a fight broke out between members of the Mexican Mafia and MS-13 at Beaumont federal prison, causing two fatalities and leading to all US federal prisons being placed on lockdown due to fears of retaliatory attacks. [73][74] Lazcano was initially content to have Morales in his ranks, but reportedly gave Morales too much power and underestimated his violent nature. [177] The infighting between the Metros and the Rojos of the Gulf cartel began in 2010, when Juan Meja Gonzlez, nicknamed El R-1, was overlooked as the candidate of the regional boss of Reynosa and was sent to the "Frontera Chica", an area that encompasses Miguel Alemn, Camargo and Ciudad Mier directly across the U.S.Mexico border from Starr County, Texas. "[252] In a prison in the state of Zacatecas, on 16 May 2009, an armed commando liberated 53 Gulf Cartel members using 10 trucks and even a helicopter. [94] And while his brother Antonio Crdenas Guilln led the Gulf Cartel, Crdenas still made vital orders from La Palma through messages from his lawyers and guards. [236], Both candidates have and continue to face accusations of receiving illicit money from the Gulf Cartel while being mayors of two border towns. These harder drugs are shipped to the cartels through partnerships with China and other Asian countries, before being distributed out across the Americas. "[259] The Joint Operation Nuevo Len-Tamaulipas issued in 2007, along with several other military-led operation by the federal government, have brought thousands of troops to restore order in Tamaulipas. [316] Many of the extortions are first carried out on the phone. The prison gangs named in the film are in turn inspired by real-life counterparts: La Onda (Mexican Mafia), Black Guerilla Army (Black Guerilla Family), and Aryan Vanguard (Aryan Brotherhood). The Gulf Cartel, a drug cartel based in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, was founded in the 1930s by Juan Nepomuceno Guerra. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [37] According to The Brownsville Herald, Garca brego went into the courtroom grinning and talking animatedly with his lawyers who helped him translate his words from Spanish into the English language. Posted on . [24] The organization is based in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, directly across the border from Laredo, Texas. The candidates of the Gulf Cartel were Antonio Crdenas and Jorge Eduardo Costilla Snchez, while Los Zetas wanted the leadership of their current head, Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano. [citation needed], Alfred Arthur Sandoval a.k.a. As of2017, 40% of Mexico's oil market is under the control of the Zetas[citation needed]. According to the federal indictment, Mexican Mafia members exert their influence in both federal and state prison systems through either violence or the threat of violence. The Zetas also play a role in transporting humans and drugs across borders, providing security to these operations. Garca brego bribed the agent in an attempt to gather more information on U.S. law enforcement operations. [42] Some of these former GAFE members reportedly received training in commando and urban warfare from the Israeli and U.S. Special Forces. [133] Months later, Flores finally acknowledged that several parts of Tamaulipas were "being overrun by organized crime violence". What's distressing about the criminal organization is the atrocities they have committed in the past and the potential they possess to increase their scale of operations and perpetuate more horrors in the future. [51] Hugo Baldomero Medina Garza, known as El Seor Padrino de los Trilers (the lord of the Trailers), is considered one of the most important members in the rearticulation of the Gulf Cartel. [188] Reports mention that Mexican drug cartels operate in more than 1,000 cities in the United States. [100], On 12 October 2013, Mexican authorities captured alleged top Zetas operative Gerardo Jaramillo, alias "El Yanqui". [3] Some media outlets also referred to him by another name, Efran Snchez Castillo. According to the gang's constitution, members may also be punished or murdered if they commit any of four major infractions. Inform a sus hermanos Benjamn, Eduardo y Javier y todos acordaron el ataque. Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act, List of Mexico's 37 most-wanted drug lords, "The Zetas: gangster kings of their own brutal narco-state", "4 de los carteles mexicanos operan en Panam: Autoridades", "The Mexican Drug Cartels' Other Business: Sex Trafficking", "Drug cartels muscle in to piracy business", "Mexico's 'most sadistic' drug kingpin's reign ends without a shot fired", "Tortured Mexican kidnap victim says: 'I would sit there wondering how people could be that bad', "Pay de Limn, the Dog that Survived the Torture of the Los Zetas Cartel", "Zetas and MS-13 Join Forces in Guatemala", "Organized Crime Exploits China's Growing Links to Latin America", "Coked Up: How Hezbollah is fundraising with Mexican drug cartels - The Commentator", "The secret backstory of how Obama let Hezbollah off the hook", "Iran and Hezbollah's Presence Around the World", "Analysis: Hezbollah's presence in Donald Trump's backyard", "The Business Relationship Between Italy's Mafia and Mexico's Drug Cartels", "Los Zetas called Mexico's most dangerous drug cartel", "Why Kidnapping, Extortion Boomed in Mexico", "Murder Spotlights Zetas Extortion at Mexico University", "A Profile of Los Zetas: Mexico's Second Most Powerful Drug Cartel Combating Terrorism Center at West Point", "A Line in the Sand: Confronting the Threat at the Southwest Border", "Dissecting a Mexican Cartel Bombing in Monterrey", "Mexico's Zetas drug gang split raises bloodshed fears", "Weekend shootouts in northeastern Mexico kill at least 9", "El origen de 'Los Zetas': brazo armado del crtel del Golfo", "Zetas Now Mexico's Biggest Cartel, Report Says", "Proceso: Fraccin de Los Zetas, ahora Crtel del Noreste, advierte masacre por extradiciones", "Rep. Chip Roy Releases Bill Asking Sec. This article is about the U.S. criminal organization. [35] [345] In 2008 in the state of Michoacn, the Gulf Cartel was reported to have controlled the counterfeit business, where it produced and sold millions of fake CDs and movies. La Eme has a blood-in, blood-out policy: murder or drawing of blood is a prerequisite for membership and anyone trying to get out will be killed. [3][6][25] Many of the street level homicides in the Highland Park area of Los Angeles committed by the Avenues gang were done on orders issued by the Mexican Mafia. In addition, he was under observation and was widely known, since his surname meant more of the same. [12] The members of the Gulf Cartel are known for intimidating the population and for being particularly violent.[13]. The Gulf Cartel, along with their rival group Los Zetas, have been the two drug cartels with the most kidnappings in all of Mexico, and "more than half of the country's kidnappings are attributed to them. There is a circle of experts who believe that the start of the Mexican Drug War did not begin in 2006 (when Felipe Caldern sent troops to Michoacn to stop the increasing violence), but in 2004 in the border city of Nuevo Laredo, when the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas fought off the Sinaloa Cartel and Los Negros. Los llamados Emes en la serie de televisin del Chapo, producida por Netflix y Univisin, son el brazo armado del Crtel del Golfo, que pelea por el control de Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, con el Crtel de Sinaloa, liderado por Joaqun Guzmn. Los Zetas Following a bilateral law enforcement investigation named 'Operation Black Jack', executed by the ATF, DEA, ICE and the FBI, three Zeta safe houses were identified in Mexico and raided by Mexican federal security forces, releasing more than 40 kidnapped individuals,[36] and making the largest weapons seizure in the history of Mexico; it included 540 rifles including 288 assault rifles and several .50-caliber rifles, 287 hand grenades, 2 M72 LAW anti-tank weapons, 500,000 rounds of ammunition, 67 ballistic vests, 3 anti aircraft weapons and 14 sticks of dynamite. He was arrested by the Mexican federal police in June 2009 and extradited to the United States while pending drug trafficking charges on 19 August 2011. [159] On 7 November 2011, 650 policemen were released from their duties because they had either failed or refused "corruption control tests".[160]. [9] Cano Flores also has two aliases: Yeyo and Yankee. [347], Transportation On 18 August 2013, Gulf Cartel leader Mario Ramirez Trevino was captured. It is the first time in 87 years, a governor from the opposition wins in the state. Along with Antonio Crdenas, the following members of Los Escorpiones were killed: Sergio Antonio Fuentes, alias El Tyson or Escorpin 1; Ral Marmolejo Gmez, alias Escorpin 18; Hugo Lira, alias Escorpin 26; and Refugio Adalberto Vargas Corts, alias Escorpin 42. [344] The products sold can be clothing, TVs, video games, music, computer programs, and movies. [81][82], On 9 November 1999, two U.S. agents from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and FBI were threatened at gunpoint by Crdenas Guilln and approximately fifteen of his henchmen in Matamoros. [1] [2] Es ist eines der ltesten mexikanischen Drogenkartelle, welches vor allem die am Golf von Mexiko liegende Grenzstadt Heroica Matamoros beherrscht. [183], The Gulf Cartel has important cells operating inside the United Statesin Mission, Roma, and Rio Grande Cityfor example, and their presence is expanding. [244] Reports first indicated that there were 71 fugitives, but the correct figures were later released. After his imprisonment a short time later, Jorge Madrazo Cullar created the National Public Security System (SNSP), to fight the drug cartels along the U.S.Mexico border. [191], The Gulf Cartel is believed to have ties with the 'Ndrangheta, an organized crime group in Italy that also has ties with Los Zetas. Highways 59, 77, 83, and 281. [146] Moreover, several bystanders also recorded the shootouts. Mexico's cartels have long deployed teams of shock troops willing to engage in all manner of brutality to further the collective cause. While serving a life sentence for murder at Pelican Bay State Prison, Joe "Pegleg" Morgan, filed a $500,000 lawsuit against Olmos, Universal Studios, and other producers of the film. [102] However, continual disagreement was leading the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas into an inevitable rupture. [58] Los Zetas, as they are known, served as the hired private mercenary army of the Gulf Cartel. Reports mention that Antonio Crdenas was being protected by the Los Escorpiones (The Scorpions), the alleged armed wing of the Gulf Cartel and the personal army of Antonio Crdenas, who was serving as snipers and bodyguards for him. "[255] They also reported that in Aguascalientes, a state where violence levels are much lower, policemen are paid five times more than in Tamaulipas. [164], In the early 2010s, analysts indicated that Los Zetas were the largest organized crime group in Mexico in terms of geographical presence. [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] They are known for engaging in brutally violent "shock and awe" tactics such as beheadings, torture, and indiscriminate murder. Retrieved from website: Lowrey, B. A member may not be homosexual, sex offender, child killer, child molester, or rapist. Members and associates of the gang remain fiercely loyal to the criminal organization both in and outside of prison, particularly in Southern California cities such as Los Angeles and San Diego. The cartel is made up of smaller groups including Los Viagras, Familia Michoacana, El Michoacano's group Los Emes, and "self-defense" groups joined to fight against Cartel Jalisco New Generation. [327] They were reported to have stolen around 40% of the oil products in 2011 in northern Mexico and then selling it illegally in Mexico and in the American black market. Flores and Cadena also established a set of gang commandments. [27] He was quickly extradited to the United States where he stood trial eight months after his arrest. [103], On 23 March 2015, Ramiro Prez Moreno (alias "El Rana"), a potential successor of "Z-42" was captured, along with 4 other men, carrying 6 kilos of cocaine and marijuana, rifles and one hand grenade. [179], Originally, the Gulf cartel was running smoothly, but the infighting between the two factions in the Gulf cartel triggered when Flores Borrego was killed on 2 September 2011. [305] FBI investigators said that victims are "kidnapped, threatened, assaulted, drugged and transported into Mexico to meet with Cartel members. Booksurge, 2008. The family originally hails from Pachuca, Hidalgo. [142] La Jornada newspaper mentioned that over 80 SUV's packed with gunmen fought to protect Crdenas Guilln, and over 300 grenades were used in the shootout that day. [241] Authorities are still trying to understand how the prisoners escaped. [48] He did not have the leadership skills nor the support of the Colombian drug-provisioners. [161] Los Zetas' training locations have been identified as having a similar setup as military GAFE training facilities. The United States Department of the Treasury had named Cano Flores in 2009 as a close associate of the Zeta bosses Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano and Miguel Trevio Morales, considered by the government as "significant foreign narcotics traffickers". [94] Their rivals, the Sinaloa Cartel, had lost some territories to Los Zetas, and went down from 23 states in dominion to 16. [16] The act prohibited U.S. citizens and companies from doing any kind of business activity with him, and virtually froze all his assets in the U.S.[17]. In addition to trafficking drugs, Garca brego would ship cash to be laundered, in the millions. [59] As a result of this imbalance, the Cartel tried to curtail their own enforcers' influence and ended up instigating a civil war. ", "Mexico: Gulf Cartel lieutenant, his right-hand man captured", "Gulf Cartel lieutenant linked to various incidents on U.S side of border", "U.S. Assistance Has Helped Mexican Counternarcotics Efforts, but the Flow of Illicit Drugs into the United States Remains High", "DTOs Have Expanded Operations in the United States", "Arrests of Mexican drug cartel leaders in Texas raise concerns", "FBI: Trucking 'significant' in cartels' U.S. profitability", "High Ranking Gulf Cartel Member Sentenced in Washington, D.C., to 35 Years in Prison for Drug Trafficking", "Former Gulf Cartel Leader Convicted of International Drug Trafficking Conspiracy", "Narco-mafia se comunican por Blackberry", "Undermining Mexico's Dangerous Drug Cartels", "Mexican Cartels Exploit North Africa Turmoil", "Latin American drug cartels find home in West Africa", "Gulf Cartel vs. Los Zetas One year later", "La ley del silencio en Reynosa slo la rompe Twitter", "La guerra Golfo-zetas, en 11 municipios tamaulipecos; nueve son fronterizos con EU", "Los Zetas y el crtel del Golfo se pelean por Monterrey", "La batalla del crtel del Golfo y "Los Zetas" por la Huasteca", "Two Zetas executed in Brownsville, Texas", "La guerra del crtel del Golfo y Los Zetas, maana 24 de febrero se cumple un ao", "Enfrentamientos entre el crtel del Golfo y Los Zetas paralizaron Nuevo Laredo", "Sicarios de los Beltrn Leyva y Zetas atacan a gente del Chapo en Sonora", "Facciones del Crtel del Golfo y Los Zetas buscan aliarse para poner fin a agresiones contra la poblacin", "Why the Jalisco Cartel Does Not Dominate Mexico's Criminal Landscape", "Tamaulipas, en camino de convertirse en un estado fallido? For being particularly violent. [ 13 ] is also accused of coopting with DTOs the... Trial eight Months after his arrest the Americas 347 ], Theft a member may be... Cartel, the Beltrn-Leyva Cartel and the Tijuana Cartel having a similar setup as military GAFE facilities. More than 1,000 cities in the United States from Laredo, Texas nor the of! In Matamoros, Tamaulipas, directly across the border Theft a member must not politic against another member cause! With the Jurez Cartel, the Beltrn-Leyva Cartel and Los Zetas, as Ortiz. Play a role in transporting humans and drugs across borders, providing security to operations... The top of the Gulf Cartel also bribes journalists to persuade them not to mention violent. Tabascoveracruztamaulipas corridor private mercenary army of the page across from the opposition in... Sus hermanos Benjamn, Eduardo y Javier y todos acordaron el ataque miles de venezolanos 6 horas Reports indicated. 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Some media outlets also referred to him by another name, Efran Snchez Castillo intimidating the population for. Jurez Cartel, a drug Cartel based in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, founded!, Tamaulipas, Mexico, was founded in the media on 12 October,... Has two aliases: Yeyo and Yankee under the control of the Zetas also uses women their! [ 13 ] member or cause dissension within the organization is based in Nuevo,! ' training locations have been identified as having a similar setup as military GAFE training facilities 2008 ) primarily!

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